The impact of a photovoltaic (PV) panel on runoff and sediment in a slope was tested. The key impact of the PV panel is preventing soil detachment by raindrop impacts. The PV panel slope produced 27 %−63 % less soil erosion than the control slope. The PV panel delayed runoff start time under rainfall with heavy rainfall intensities.
This was attributed to the weakened splash erosion on the slope section under the PV panel due to the rainfall interception by the panel, which indicated that the key impact of the PV panel was preventing soil detachment by raindrop impacts.
In this experimental study, it should be noted that the PV panel was set not very high and steep and the study slopes were bare, which may be favorable to the soil erosion difference between the two slopes. In real-case application of a single PV panel, the soil-erosion mitigation effect of the panel may be changed under varying conditions.
On the contrary, under heavy rainfall with 80 mm hr -1 or 100 mm hr -1 intensity, the runoff start time of the PV panel slope was later than the control slope. The rain water quickly filled the depressions and converged into overland flow on the control slope.
The experiment results indicated that the PV panel can greatly reduce soil erosionin the slope (especially under heavy rainfall),which implied that,in natural hillslope in arid or semi-arid regions,PV
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